mosquito borne illnesses in USA Malaria and Dengue

 Malaria Vivax acquired in Arkansas.

In September 2023, a 10th U.S. case of locally acquired malaria was diagnosed, in Arkansas. ...This represents the 10th autochthonous case identified nationally in 2023, after 20 years without recorded local mosquitoborne malaria transmission in the United States. ...The patient had no reported history of international travel, blood transfusion, organ transplant, or other bloodborne pathogen exposure

this type of malaria, unlike the more dangerous Falciparum Malari, can be dormant for years. The original source was not found. Of course, a person with a fever and symptoms might not go to the doctor, and one wonders if it was in a local who traveled in a malaria area, or in the unscreen migrants who are entering into the USA en mass.

P. vivax and P. ovale are traditionally thought to occupy complementary niches, with P. ovale predominating in Sub-Saharan Africa and P. vivax in the other areas; but their geographical ranges do overlap.

Countries where refugees arrived from in September To Arkansas: #1. Venezuela: 27 #2. Nicaragua: 14 #3. Guatemala: 8 #4. Myanmar: 4 #5. Iran: 2 #6. Colombia: 1 #6. Congo: 

Refugees that arrived from Congo since October 2023  To Arkansas: 108

the southern USA was a malaria area in the past, so those mosquitoes are still there. The local public health dept did start spraying in the area where this case was found.

The real danger might be seen in this case: Dengue Fever in California.

Dengue has an incubation period of 4 to ten daysand is spread by a different mosquito.

Most cases are mild or subclinical, so may not be seen by a physician.

in the recorded case, another asymptomatic case in the same neighborhood was detected. And they swifty started to do anti mosquito spraying etc.

The real danger is that it could continue to spread via asymptomatic or mild cases.

mosquito eradification is especially important since the same mosquito spreads Zika virus and yellow fever.

and remember: one reason for the establishment of the US Public Health Service was the Yellow Fever epidemic that killed thousands in Philadelphia in 1793

history: https://careers.publichealth.iu.edu/blog/2018/10/12/a-brief-history-of-the-public-health-service/

PHS had its origins in the system of marine hospitals to treat sick sailors: In July 16, 1798 the fifth congress passed an Act which was signed by the second President of the United States John Adams. Signed into law the “Act for the Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen”. The Act authorized the deduction of twenty cents per month from wages of seamen, for the sole purpose of funding medical care for sick, and disabled seamen, as well as building additional hospitals for the treatment of seamen.This originated in 1798.