The explanation of scientific reasons that maybe it was a lab leak

SARS epidemic At least five independent spill overs of the SARS virus into humans Live animal markets followed by human to human E.g. Guangdong Province, November 2002 to January 2003 SARS, later on in 2003 – 2004 Additional independent subsequent spill over infections in humans Civets identified within 6 months Early SARS viral samples from humans contained genetic mutations that reflected prior circulation and adaptation in palm civets In total contrast Chinese government, asserted that the COVID-19 originated from a natural zoonotic transmission occurring at the Huanan market Geo-temporal spread of COVID-19 in China, December 31, 2019 to February 11, 2020 Earliest identified SARS-CoV-2 well-adapted for human-to-human transmission Early SARS-CoV-2 variants had little genetic diversity, 2 nucleotides out of 29,900 (Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil) No evidence of previous intermediate host circulation Genetic similarity between the environmental samples and human viral samples, supports the likelihood that the virus found at the Huanan Seafood Market was shed by humans

Conspiracy theory time

 paranoia time. Why are the experts who run things doing stupid things?

Incompetency or part of a plan to remake the world?

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Transcript:

I have two questions this week:

Question one: Why should WE put up with the pain predicted in our future by the same people who made it inevitable?

And question two: How quickly do they think we forget what only just happened? First the pain.

Rishi Sunak conjured up and blew away a mountain of money – hundreds of billions of pounds worth of the funny, all-but-fraudulent money that is the gift only of the private bankers who have him and every other western leader in their pocket.

Now he’s got an even bigger job than before and gets to tell us we’ll have to endure tough times ahead, real pain. That’s real pain for us proles of course – and champagne for him and his pals. All of this mess is of his creation – him and his pinstriped cronies – and yet we, who did nothing wrong, are the patsies handed the bill.

I’ve quoted The Outlaw Josey Wales before on here, but time and again I find the same words going round and round in my head.

“Don’t pee down my back and tell me it’s raining.”

The same characters – those that clapped and cheered as the disastrous lockdown measures were put in place – are still clumped around him, with shiny new jobs or at least their old jobs and every bit as pointless as they were before. None of them has added so much as a jot to their store of wisdom.

They have learned nothing – except of course the priceless knowledge relevant only to senior MPs … that if you just brass it out in the face of the most monumental cock-up of your career it turns out you can pretty much get away with murder.

We can see this – in fact our noses are rubbed in the reality of it daily, every time we have to look at the same old faces … unrepentant, blind and deaf to any notion that there might be confessions required, responsibility taken for the most inexcusable mistakes, grovelling apologies offered for unimaginable damage done, hurts inflicted that cannot and will not heal.

They should be in exile on Elba, the sorry lot of them, and yet there they are – business as usual and telling us the bill is past due.

Of course the bill is past due, the gormless fools – it was them that ran it up in the first place while some of us, some of us, looked on in horror at the truck crash happening in slow motion.

But remember at all times that it’s not Covid’s fault we’re flat broke, or Putin’s fault or the climate’s fault. You cannot blame the rain if you get soaked. The rain is inevitable. You get soaked because you gave away your coat and you didn’t buy an umbrella.

We’re getting soaked, drowning, because of two years in which the establishment shut down the country and the economy. We are out in the cold because of a decade and more of destructive energy policies that mean we have none of our own and have to go cap in hand to others to keep the lights on.

The fault is theirs, our political class and their masters … those that designed, choreographed and executed the plan. The fact we are in the deepest financial hole ever dug is down to those that shut us in our homes – or at least tried to – and then conjured up unimaginable sums of money that didn’t exist and sprayed it all over the floor, up the walls and down the drains.

Sunak and his ilk paid people – not all people, of course, but millions of people – to stay at home when they could and should have been out earning and keeping the economy going. Those deemed unworthy of help watched the businesses they couldn’t attend to going bust and lost everything.

Those usual suspects threw billions into the pointless, ineffectual money pit of track and trace. They blew billions more on useless and unused PPE and on gazillions of masks that made no difference other than to stoke the fear of millions of men, women and children and litter the countryside and choke the oceans.

They coerced millions into taking medical products that – as time has told – did not work as advertised. Nonetheless they nudged and pushed and finally bullied and threatened the majority of people into putting themselves under the needle – not once but several times. Now their propagandists are out and about again – pushing the same old drugs, with an influenza chaser just for good measure.

If it wasn’t so coldly calculated, you’d have to say it was insane.

As far as I’m concerned, it should be described as criminally insane.

Hundreds of billions of pounds wasted. All part of the greatest transfer of wealth to the already rich in the history of the world.

To my mind it’s not and never was any sort of accident that dumped us here, soaked to the skin and freezing. Too many of the same mistakes were made by too many of the same people, to the same effect. Too many people all reading from the same script.

To take but a couple of examples at random, EU overlord Ursula Von Der Leyen blew 71 billion euros buying the so-called vaccines – enough of the dope to give every man, woman and child in the EU 10 doses. TEN.

More pain for more people.

And across The Pond, addled President Biden, yet to take back so much as a syllable of his nonsense about safe and effective, has more recently overseen the destruction of America’s once limitless domestic energy supply to such an extent that his nation has just 20-odd days of diesel left.

That means in less than a month trains, buses and private cars – not to mention the trucks that move all the food and other necessities around the entire country – could grind to a halt and, with them, the entire US economy. Why is America committing suicide, ceasing to be what most of us even recognise as America? That’s a question for another day.

And now, to add insult to all the injury – and let’s not forget the millions of adverse effects suffered around the world, the deaths attributed to the jabs – we have to listen to the architects of our imminent financial misery and demise telling us we just have to endure the pain … the pain they knowingly caused, are continuing to cause and that they are manoeuvring to make even worse.

In Egypt at COP27 – the UN’s annual conference for climate change bedwetters – the agenda is stuffed with plans to eviscerate farming around the world. Against a backdrop of manufactured fear about how cows are destroying the planet by burping and how the fertilisers that have enabled us to feed the billions now promise only doom on a global scale, they talk about cutting farming here, there and everywhere by as much as half. Let’s all pay attention – we are talking here about the very stuff of life upon which every soul depends.

From the same deranged ideologues who have ensured energy insecurity, comes global food insecurity. All across the developed world, farmers and their supporters – which in truth should be everyone who has even vague plans to still be eating actual real fresh food in the years to come – are protesting in ever growing numbers.

Do we see this defiance reported on the news? Do we hear those farmers given airtime to explain the folly of what the bureaucrats have planned? No, we do not, and decisions affecting all our lives in every conceivable way – about food, and money, and round the clock surveillance – continue to be discussed and made by unelected, unaccountable advocates of One World Government.

Over and over we’re told he world is coming to an end on account of climate change that’s all humankind’s fault. And yet the measures being contemplated at COP27 will surely mean the end anyway for hundreds of millions … billions of people driven into the cold and bony arms of starvation, disease, war and death by suicidal policies born of vanity, hubris and the pursuit of yet more wealth by the few … for the few.

All of which brings me back to my second question, about the apparently misfiring memories of those desperate, utterly desperate, to pretend the last two years never happened – or if they did happen, that they happened altogether differently than I remember.

George Orwell wrote about memory holing in his novel 1984 – the process by which information that no longer helps the official narrative is made to disappear as if it had never existed.

Just as a for instance they are trying to tell us now that no one ever said the so-called vaccines would prevent the spread of Covid from person to person. They damn well did say that – over and over again. That was the entire basis for the Granny Killer selfish Covidiot abuse directed at those of us who never did and never will submit to those jabs.

To claim now that such claims were never made is the most blatant and shameless of lies – damned lies – and yet it is pushed now by politicians, medical professionals and mainstream media alike.

It can only be a matter of time – presumably when the numbers of vaccine dead and injured simply get too terrifyingly big to ignore – before the same characters are saying the jabs were voluntary anyway and that it was always and only a matter of personal choice whether you took them or not. Don’t come crying to me … they’ll say in unison.

In Orwell’s novel of a dystopian future, the totalitarian government of Oceania was constantly at war with one of the other two totalitarian superpowers that dominated the world: Eurasia and Eastasia. It wasn’t about ever winning or ending the war but rather maintaining a constant state of war in order to keep the citizens under control. Every citizen had to memory hole what each knew to be true and just accept the latest version of reality.

Orwell called this doublethink:

“To know and not to know,” he wrote. “To be conscious of complete truthfulness, while telling carefully constructed lies … to forget whatever it was necessary to forget, then to draw it back into memory again at the moment it was needed.”

This is where we are now: listening to those who know the truth telling carefully constructed lies. Worse still, we are supposed to lie to each other and to ourselves about what just happened.

We are expected to forget that those promising to fix the disaster are the same people that caused the disaster. We are supposed to forget that the MPs, medics and media told us we had to surrender our rights, our livelihoods, let loved ones die alone on account of a disease only a minuscule percentage of the population was ever at serious risk from – and they knew it.

And yet we are expected to believe instead that they never said any such thing.

Soon enough we might be expected to forget that we ever used to pay in cash and that our transactions were once our own private business … and accept instead Digital IDs, and CBDCs and social credit scores. In a year or two it might be as though there never was cash, or privacy, or dissent, or protest. We will be expected to forget.

If we are already expected to forget how all this mess happened … then in a year or two we might be expected to forget we were ever sovereign individuals with private lives and private thoughts.

But here’s the thing: I for one won’t be forgetting any of it. I remember everything. What’s been done, stays done. What’s been said, stays said. It’s up to us to remember – to remember everything that happened – and to keep reminding everyone else as well. (link)

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, Instapundit links to a Vanity Fair expose on the wuhan flu. ,,,,,

COVID-19 ORIGINS: Investigating a “Complex and Grave Situation” Inside a Wuhan Lab.

Vanity Fair and ProPublica downloaded more than 500 documents from the WIV website, including party branch dispatches from 2017 to the present. To assess Reid’s interpretation, we sent key documents to experts on CCP communications. They told us that the WIV dispatches did indeed signal that the institute faced an acute safety emergency in November 2019; that officials at the highest levels of the Chinese government weighed in; and that urgent action was taken in an effort to address ongoing safety issues. The documents do not make clear who was responsible for the crisis, which laboratory it affected specifically or what the exact nature of the biosafety emergency was.

The interim report also raises questions about how quickly vaccines were developed in China by some teams, including one led by a military virologist named Zhou Yusen. The report called it “unusual” that two military COVID-19 vaccine development teams were able to reach early milestones even faster than the major drug companies who were part of the U.S. government’s Operation Warp Speed program.

Vanity Fair and ProPublica spoke to experts who said that the timeline of Zhou’s vaccine development seemed unrealistic, if not impossible. Two of the three experts said it strongly suggested that his team must have had access to the genomic sequence of the virus no later than in November 2019, weeks before China’s official recognition that the virus was circulating.

The authors of the interim report do not claim to have definitively solved the mystery of COVID-19’s origin. “The lack of transparency from government and public health officials in the [People’s Republic of China] with respect to the origins of SARS-CoV-2 prevents reaching a more definitive conclusion,” the report says, adding that its conclusion could change if more independently verifiable information becomes available.

Throughout the pandemic, the WIV has largely remained a black box, owing to the Chinese government’s refusal to cooperate with international probes. By mining the WIV’s own records, Toy Reid and Senate researchers unearthed new clues that support the interim report’s assessment that a lab accident was “most likely” responsible for the pandemic.

More on that “Acute Safety Emergency in November 2019” from Jim Geraghty:

Separately, ProPublica and Vanity Fair question how Yusen Zhou could have applied for a patent for a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on February 24, 2020. Yusen Zhou is the director of the State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity at the Academy of Military Medical Sciences Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, in Beijing. The top experts in vaccine development conclude that it is impossible to start from scratch and have a vaccine ready in three months. A South China Morning News report said that the Chinese government traced the first case of Covid-19 back to November 17, but other reports said that Chinese doctors only came to realize that they were dealing with a new and serious virus in late December; the first public statement about a “cluster of pneumonia cases with an unknown cause” from Chinese health authorities was dated to December 21, 2019. Yet the evidence suggests that the Chinese military and medical authorities would’ve had to have started the research on their vaccine before the first cases emerged:

Vanity Fair and ProPublica consulted two independent experts and one expert adviser to the interim report to get their assessment of when Zhou’s research was likely to have begun. Two of the three said that he had to have started no later than November 2019, in order to complete the mouse research spelled out in his patent and subsequent papers.

Larry Kerr, who advised on the interim report, called the timeline laid out in Zhou’s patent and research papers “scientifically, technically not possible.” He added, “I don’t think any molecular biology lab in the world, no matter how sophisticated, could pull that off.”

Rick Bright, the former HHS official who helped oversee vaccine development for the U.S. government, told Vanity Fair and ProPublica that even a four-month timetable would be “aggressive,” especially when the virus in question is new. “Things aren’t usually that perfect,” he said.

You wanted a smoking gun? I smell smoke, and that gun barrel feels awfully warm.

As David Strom of Hot Air adds: The COVID coverup begins to unravel. “It was remarkable how quickly the Narrative™ settled on the zoonotic origin of the virus, since warning signs that the virus didn’t originate naturally were everywhere. Even scientists who confidently declared in private their belief that the virus was engineered publicly stated the opposite–after having been directed to by Anthony Fauci, the keeper of the keys to the kingdom’s treasury when it comes to research dollars. Fauci in recent months has been backtracking on whether or not the virus could have been engineered, but he sure expended enormous effort maintaining the fiction that an animal origin was certain. There is a simple reason for Fauci’s reluctance to consider a lab leak hypothesis–if it came from the Wuhan Institute for Virology, the US government likely funded the research. Obviously nobody wants that on their record, and Fauci has quite the pension to protect, as well as an unearned reputation as The Science™.”

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I always peep on Ann Barnhardt's page, mainly for the real backstory of the Vatican scandals, but for the past year she has been pointing out problems with the vaccine, and has a complicated conspiracy idea that this is part of a plan by the NWO types.

I am cynical but I also know a lot of these plans that were in place for Covid were essentially wargaming a possible epidemic: what to do if something happens. Similar to the wargames we had in the National Guard or the disaster drills that the EMS areas hold all the time: practice with triage, both in hospital and by ambolances to triage to many hospitals so none are overwhelmed,  knowing where stuff is, where you need to put the dead, who will be with the grieving families, etc.

But of course, instead of discussing this, people were silenced in the name of science (as opposed to science being a method, not a fundamentalist religion that insists on obedience).

But with the internet, not only have the crazies a voice, but it allows people with credentials to have a say in the response to the covid crisis.

and because some tried to censor this, a crazy Texas congressman stuck the transcript on the Congressional record, which is harder to censor.

But another source of conspiracy theories is the trad catholic web. Why? Because some of the vaccines were made with fetal cells, and this fact was not publicized.

Now, way back when the Rubella vaccine was introduced, it was known that the vaccine was made from fetuses who had fetal rubella syndrome and aborted because there was a high risk of malformation: But the Vatican realized that not getting the rubella shot meant a lot more disabled kids (and abortions) they said since the babies were not killed to make the vaccine, but essentially the vaccine only used the dead bodies, and the connection was remote (several years and cell lines from the aborted kids) it was okay to use until a more ethical vaccine came around.

So no problem.

But with covid, this ethical problem came up again, so many very strict pro life types were horrified and said no I won't take it until there is an ethical vaccine.

there was an immediate cover up: Saying no they didn't use fetal tissue, only cell lines made from fetal tissue, again a remote connection. LINK

 Fetal cell lines are cells that grow in a laboratory. They descend from cells taken from abortions in the 1970s and 1980s. Those individual cells from the 1970s and 1980s have since multiplied into many new cells over the past four or five decades, creating the fetal cell lines I mentioned above. Current fetal cell lines are thousands of generations removed from the original fetal tissue. They do not contain any tissue from a fetus.

But at a time when the Vatican is lying about all sorts of things, and lets bishops etc. support sin without any kind of pushback from the top, the dirty little secret is that the serious believers no longer believe them. 

But it goes further than that.

The present pope doesn't seem to worry about poor people eating: he supports a green agenda that would eliminate fossil fuel that enables poor people to eat. 

And it is a bit worrisome that the Covid came along in time to push the great reset that was well publicized a couple years ago.

So there is a convergence with the covid conspiracies, the anti vax conspiracies, the great reset conspiracies, the destruction of the Catholic church under the present anti pope, and the coming man made famine caused by green rules that are ordring farmers not to plow, to kill their animals, increasing the price of petroleum 

(Biden shut down the petroleum industry in the USA for heavens sake, but who is pointing fingers at him?) and I read absurd stuff like Biden is going to help Japan meet their green rules by letting them import biofuel.... biofuel means taking food and making it into gasolne, so the price of food goes up.

And now the high price of diesel and fertilizer (both organic and regular fertilizer which is petroleum based).

We are going broke farming rice due to the increase in disel and fertilizer.

Put Russian blame here, but the dirty little secret is that if you suggest making a logical peace, you will be called a Russian dupe.

Well, anyway: when I worked in Africa, one source of news that could go around the government was the Catholic press.

And now, the Pope's minions are busy criticizing EWTN for not backing everything the pope says. This is not the first attempt to shut them down, of course, but the bishops failed because legally it was under the Vatican and JP2 wouldn't budge, and then Mother Angelica arranged for a lay board to run the place, meaning it is independent.

Kuya is in despair claiming it is the end times: Me, I figure it's just another collapse of civilization via many factors converging all at once.

Professor Cline, call your office. It's deja vu all over again.

Illness in The Tale of Genji

 

Nursing pioneers

A new book about the history of Cahtolic hospitals through the eyes of the child of one of the nurses who studied with them::

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...............

Gandhi was more than an ambullance driver, but he was a nurse and involved in public health:

.... 

and he notes what few others noticed: The racism of the British.....

ya think? Heck, the British was also racist against the Irish and the Jews back then.

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Monkey pox outreach to minority communities

 I moved this from my regular blog because is is x rated. Sorry about that.

But I am aghast at the lousy way that monkey pox is being prevented by the Public health community who seems more worried about hurting people's feelings than saving people's lives.

I had noted that the public health outreach to stop the spread of monkey pox was a farce on two levels: One, because no one dared shut down the raves and bars/bathhouses where the disease is spread by anonymous sexual encounters, and Two, the failure to outreach to the minority community.

Originally, monkey pox was all over the news (Post WAGD we're all gonna die headline here). WSJ Video link says ITS A GLOBAL HEALTH THREAT.

no, it's not.

But then it was noticed it was gay white men. So headlines moved to the one or two pediatric cases to prove this terrible disease could kill everyone....

. Now, children's skin is thin, and a person with lesions who touches the skin or changes diapers (especially if there is diaper rash) could innocently spread it to the baby. But the headlines backfired, because a lot of cynical people assumed that the gays with monkey pox were having sex with kids, (but of course too polite to say so). That, as I noted, is probably untrue but someone pushing the propaganda that anyone could catch the disease did realize that the deplorables were horrified and saw this as proving child molestation...which as I noted was not necessarily true.

however, the disease disappeared in the headlines once the affluent white gay community was protected: But it continued to sprad in the black community, and there is a question why. Socioeconomic problem (e.g. crowded housing)? poor nutrition? More exposure (in jails or bars)? More sexual activity? Nutritional problems making one susecptible? Genetic suseptibility? Early cases not seen by physicians due to no insurance or distrust of the medical establishment? Fewer are circumcized? Tendency toward dry skin (micro abrasions allow infection from contact)? The fact that the lesions are in areas that are not usually viewed by the person? The taboos against gay sex in the black community means people will have the disease and not get treated or tell others they have it.

and the big one: ignorance.

By presenting the disease as a danger to everyone (and not one spread by a specific form of sexual activity) it means less awareness about the most dangerous way it is spread (anal sex... not masturbation or oral sex).

And when articles started admitting that it was a danger to the (affluent) white gay community, many blacks thought they were not vulnerable to catch it.

Now, usually when there is a problem with disease, the black community does not trust the white medical establishment. So often public health outreaches are done in black churches. But since gays are not welcome in the black community, and not welcome in their bible believing churches, you can see the problem of doing a monkey pox outreach there.

So the public health authorities are working with "community groups", i.e. groups that essentially are working to make gay promiscuous sex legal and accepted in society... yes, they promote the civil rights of the behavior that spreads this disease.

So how does one outreach to the gay black men?

Report how Georgia is actually doing that. CDC report:

As of September 28, 2022, Georgia had reported 1,784 monkeypox cases; 98% of which occurred in males and 77% among Black persons (2)....

Italics mine.

many of these people presumably would be known to public health authorities because they had been treated for STD's or were on (or should have been on) anti HIV retroviral therapy.  

As of September 13, 2022, 60% of reported cases were among persons with HIV infection, and 50% of persons with monkeypox had a sexually transmitted infection within the past year...

So pull out the list  and contact them to tell them to get the shot. (whoops: Privacy act won't let you do that)

Alternative: have moratorium on the dangerous gatherings, raves, bars, etc. where promiscuous and anonymous sex is allowed/encouraged.

Nope. Try that and you will get the civil rights folk on you, and even proposing it will get you canceled for homophobia.

However, as we saw in the Covid epidemic, screening people might work.

An alternative to shutdown would be similar to the practice of checking if you had covid vaccine ( that we had here to go into malls or large shops) by checking your vaccine card, and getting your temperature checked. For awhile, we even had to sign in to get into the mall and bank: so if someone was there who was later diagnosed with covid, we could be contacted. 

So maybe to attend these gatherings, one should be similarly screened for having gotten the vaccine?

 As for temperature: Fever doesn't always occur with monkey pox, but is present before the rash in some people. So maybe those attending should be required to have their temperature checked.

As for rash: usually the skin lesions are how it spreads, but alas one doubts that routine checking in the perineal area would be acceptable to any one, gay or straight. However, one of the first signs of monkey pox is redness in the throat, and of course, many have skin lesions on their hands. So maybe checking throats and hands would a way to screen high risk people.

the CDC states that asymptomatic people don't spread the disease so although such screening might not stop early cases or mild cases or cases in those who are naive or not truthful about having symptomes, it would stop most of the folks who might spread it to others. (note: the CDC is uncertain about the infectivity in the prodromal period or by those with minimal symptoms).

so back to the festival. Who attends? The article says the GA PH authorities are doing outreach to minority communities, but only half are minorities.  But it is a start.

Before the festival (as of August 24), 17,546 persons had been vaccinated in Georgia, of whom 96% were male, 34% aged 25–36 years, 44% Black, and 8% Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) .... 

italics mine. 

Sigh.

But the big question is why is the even allowed at all?

but hey, human rights.

So instead of stopping an event that was a known means of spreading the disease, they got vaccine for everyone: well maybe not everyone..

The Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH) requested CDC support for a vaccine pilot and received an additional allocation of 5,500 doses of JYNNEOS vaccine for administration at events leading up to and throughout a Black gay Pride festival in Atlanta, a multiday event held Labor Day weekend (September 2–5, 2022). The event ... hosts more than 125,000 attendees each year....

 Italics mine.

Sigh.

CDC report on a case in Cook County jail. The case was only picked up after his family called the jail and told them he might have it. 

this was in a dorm, where they shared bathrooms etc. 

They all denied sexual activity, which might be true in the dormatory setting.

This report is about what communal settings could spread the disease. 

Communicate with staff and residents—Provide clear information to staff and residents about monkeypox prevention, including the potential for spread through close, sustained physical contact, including sexual activity. Provide prevention guidance including considerations for safer sex. IHEs and shelters for youth can share additional information for young adults. Keep messages fact-based to avoid introducing stigma when communicating about monkeypox.

....

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UPDATE:

a similar article on Louisiana

Southern Decadence is an annual multiday festival in New Orleans catering to persons who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, and others (LGBTQIA+) that draws 150,000–300,000 participants annually.

 

To prepare for the 2022 festival (September 1–5), LDH requested CDC collaboration for preparedness planning, including statewide pre-event administration of JYNNEOS vaccine to prevent monkeypox.

 sounds good until you read the small print: that this was done in other mass spreading venues, and during the festival, not before the festival And of course, again we see 6000 doses when the festival put 100 thousand at risk.

CDC helped acquire 1,500 vials (≤6,000 intradermal doses) of JYNNEOS vaccine ....As part of the state’s prevention strategy to increase vaccination among eligible Louisiana residents in advance of Southern Decadence, LDH hosted a series of community vaccination events, including large volume events in central locations and smaller, more focused events. The smaller events, organized in collaboration with community partners, were aimed at removing barriers (e.g., stigma and mistrust) and reducing disparities by reaching populations at highest risk, especially persons with limited access to medical care.

 

These community vaccination events were held across the state before and during the festival (August 9–September 5, 2022). Vaccination venues were purposefully selected at locations where MSM would feel comfortable seeking vaccination, such as gay-owned or gay-frequented venues.

eye care in Africa